This page is a list of digital images of manuscripts and editions available online. This catalogue should be viewed as a work in progress, and I will continue to update it with new resources. It is by no means complete, but I hope it will be helpful for those looking for a one-stop portal for finding online primary resources that are significant for the study of the Old Testament text. Please post any additional sources you may be aware of in the comments, and I will incorporate them into the main list.
Manuscripts
Dead Sea Scrolls
- Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- The Great Isaiah Scroll
- The Great Isaiah Scroll
- The Temple Scroll
- 1QpesherHabakkuk
- En-Gedi Leviticus (EGLev)
- Qumran-Digital Text und Lexikon transcriptions
Nash Papyrus
Medieval Jewish Hebrew Biblical Manuscripts
- Aleppo Codex (10th century): The oldest nearly complete manuscript of the entire Hebrew Bible, now with most of the Pentateuch and some other passages missing. The source text for the Hebrew University Bible Project.
- Ardon Bar-Hama
- http://www.aleppocodex.org/newsite/index.html (broken)
- https://www.mgketer.org/mikra/1/1/1/mg/0 - under הגע > תנ״ך ועזרים נוספים > צילום כת״י כתר ארם צובא and search by Hebrew book and chapter numbers.
- Archive.org
- Leningrad Codex (1008 or 1009): The oldest complete manuscript of the entire Hebrew Bible. The source text for Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia.
- West Semitic Research Project
- National Library of Israel
- Archive.org Zuckerman Images
- Archive.org (e-book)
- Archive.org (pdf)
- http://www.cvkimball.com/Tanach/LCFolios/LCIndex.html
- Sassoon 1053 (Sassoon Codex 1 of the Tanakh):
- London Codex (10th century): Important early codex of the Pentateuch.
- Eretz Israel Pentateuch (10th century):
- Damascus Pentateuch (c. 1000):
- Washington Pentateuch (c. 1000)
- Vatican Urbinati ebr. 2:
- Karaite Hebrew Exodus Manuscript in Arabic Script (10th cent.)
- BM Or 2540
- See also http://www.oldtestamenttextualcriticism.blogspot.fi/2016/04/a-hebrew-exodus-manuscript-in-arabic.html
- BL Or. 2373 (13th cent., Babylonian vocalization)
- Berlin, SBB MS. Or. Fol. 1213 (Erfurt 3; c. 1100)
- Berlin, Statzbibliotek zu Berlin ms. Or. Qu. 680 (also New York JThS 510)
- NLI (including JTS portions)
- Berlin part 1 (Psalms, Job, Proverbs, including JTS portions)
- Berlin part 2 (rest of Writings)
- NLI (JTS portions)
- Madrid Manuscript (M1), Universidad Complutense Madrid (1280; a source for the Complutensian Polyglot)
- MS Erfurt 1
- Cervera Bible (1299-1300)
- Lisbon Bible (1482):
- Prague Bible:
- Spanish Bible or "Damascus Keter" (1260):
- Spanish Bible (1341):
- Xanten Bible (1294):
- Select illuminated pages: http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchresult.cfm?word=xanten&c=172&sScope=Collection+Guide&sLabel=Illuminated%2520Hebrew%2520Manuscripts
- Cambridge Add.652 (14th-15th cent.)
- Cairo Geniza Fragments: These are being digitized in Cambridge, England.
- Genizah Research Unit (search by subject "Bible")
- Friedberg Jewish Manuscript Society (requires free registration)
- British Library Hebrew Collection: The British Library is digitizing their large Hebrew collection, including many biblical and parabiblical manuscripts.
- British Library Digitised Manuscripts
- British Library Discovering Sacred Texts
- Opening up the Hebrew Manuscript Collection
- Ktiv
- The National Library of Israel - Jerusalem
- Over 150 Digitized Hebrew Bible Manuscripts (under Advanced Search, search for "תנך. כתב יד" as "Author" and "Digitized Manuscripts" as "Keyword"; in each case select "yes" for word adjacent)
- Polonsky Foundation Digitization Project of the Bodleian and Vatican Libraries
- Digitized Items: Hebrew Manuscripts (over 1000 manuscripts chosen for digitization)
- La Bibliothèque nationale de France
- Digitalisierte Sammlungen der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
- Ms. or. fol. 4 (Ketuvim)
- Ms. or. fol. 2 (latter prophets)
- Ms. or. fol. 3 (former prophets)
- Ms. or. fol. 123 (OT fragments from the minor prophets, Proverbs, and Megillot)
- Ms. or. fol. 1 (Torah)
- Idan Dershowitz has compiled a catalogue for the manuscripts collated by Kennicott.
- There is also a helpful list of online manuscripts at http://www.animatedhebrew.com/mss/mss_facsimiles.htm, but I have not yet checked this site thoroughly or incorporated its links.
- Ben Sira in Hebrew
Medieval Samaritan Hebrew Biblical Manuscripts
- Chester Beatty Library Heb 751 (1225 CE), the base text for Stefan Schorch's Editio critica maior of the Samaritan Pentateuch
- Samaritan Pentateuch Cambridge Add.1846:
- British Library
Greek Majuscule Manuscripts
- Codex Vaticanus (B):
- Codex Sinaiticus (א or S):
- Sinaiticus
- CSNTM Lake facsimile
- Codex Alexandrinus (A):
- Archive.org (facsimile of the Octateuch)
- CSNTM (facsimile including OT)
- Royal Ms 1 D VIII (NT volume)
- British Museum photographic facsimiles
- Archive.org
- Poor quality scans on archive.org
- Codex M:
- Codex Marchalianus (Q)
- Codex U (Psalms fragments on papyrus, 6th-7th cent.)
- Ra 2005 (fragment of the Hexapla to Ps 22[21])
Greek Papyri
- Ra 967 (HT ETC blog post for more info)
- 1. Chester Beatty IX + X: pp. 10–17 (upper half); 71–83 (upper half); 102–109 (upper half) (images of the pages from Dublin can be viewed at the CSNTM).
- 2. Princeton, Univ. Libr., P. Scheide 3: pp. 20 + 22, 23–28, 30–32, 34–37, 40–45 (upper half). (no known online digital images?)
- 3. Kӧln, IfA, P. Colon. theol. 3–40: pp. 10–17, 20, 22, 71–77, 79–83 (lower half); 90, 92–101 (upper half); pp. 18–19, 21, 29, 53–70, 84–89 (whole) (see images at Kölner Papyri of the Institute of Ancient History at the University of Cologne).
- 4. Madrid, CSIC (Fonds Photiaded), P. Matr. bibl. 1: pp. 10, 33, 38–39, 46–52 (access the new images here).
- 5. Montserrat, SBO, P.Monts./II Inv. 42. 43: p. 78 (lower half), p. 91 (upper half)
- Chester Beatty LXX papyri (Rahlfs 961-968, 2149, 2150)
- CSNTM
- Chester Beatty Digital Collections
- Kenyon's Editions (HT Brent Nongbri)
- Fasciculus I, Introduction, text and plates
- Fasciculus II, Gospels and Acts (P45), text
- Fasciculus II, Gospels and Acts (P45), plates
- Fasciculus III, Pauline Epistles and Revelation (P46 and P47), text
- Fasciculus III Supplement Pauline Epistles (P46), text part 1
- Fasciculus III Supplement Pauline Epistles (P46), text part 2
- Fasciculus III Supplement Pauline Epistles (P46), plates, part 1
- Fasciculus III Supplement Pauline Epistles (P46), plates, part 2
- Fasciculus III Revelation (P47), plates
- Fasciculus IV Genesis (Codex IV and Codex V), text
- Fasciculus IV Genesis (Codex IV), plates
- Fasciculus IV Genesis (Codex V), plates
- Fasciculus V Numbers and Deuteronomy, text
- Fasciculus VI, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ecclesiasticus, text
- Fasciculus V and VI, Num-Deut, Isa, Jer, Ecco, plates
- Fasciculus VII, Ezekiel, Daniel, Esther, text
- Fasciculus VII, Ezekiel, Daniel, Esther, plates
- Fasciculus VIII, Enoch and Melito, plates
- Bodmer Papyri
- Ra 2227 (P. Oxyrhynchus. 5101, an early Jewish scroll of Psalms)
- Ra 911 (Berlin Genesis)
Greek Minuscules
- Ra 1098 - Mercati fragments of the Hexapla
- Ra 88 - Codex Chisianus 45 - VL Chig.R.VII.45 (OG Daniel begins on slide 148)
- The catalogue of the Editio critica maior of the Greek Psalter has links to many early and late Greek manuscripts.
Latin Manuscripts
Syriac Manuscripts
Aramaic Targum Manuscripts
- Targum Neofiti
- Targum Pseudo-Jonathan:
- BL Or 2210 Former Prophets with Targum Jonathan (base text for Sperber's edition)
- BL Or 2211 Latter Prophets with Targum Jonathan (base text for Sperber's edition)
Editions
Hebrew Bible
- Rabbinic Bible:
- First Rabbinic Bible (1518) (will require download of a document viewer)
- Second Rabbinic Bible (e-book)
- Second Rabbinic Bible (will require download of a document viewer)
- http://www.archive.org/ also has a low quality version.
- Polyglots:
- Walton's Polyglot (search for Walton on the page; multi-volume).
- Complutensian Polyglot (6 vols.) (arranged by volume number and page number)
- Biblia Hebraica:
- Biblia Hebraica Kittel
- 1st edition (Vol. 1 - Gen - Kings)
- 1st edition (Vol. 2 - Isaiah - Chronicles)
- 2nd edition (Vol. 1 - Genesis - Kings)
- Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
- Ginsburg Hebrew Bible:
- Baer and Delitzsch
- Early Printed Editions
- van der Hooght, Biblia Hebraica
- Letteris
- Plantin's first edition Hebraicorum bibliorum Veteris Testamenti latina interpretatio (1571-1572)
- Early Critical Editions:
- Kennicott
- Kennicott, Vetus Testamentum Hebraicum: cum variis lectionibus
- de Rossi
- Vol. 1 - Genesis - Leviticus
- Vol. 2 - Numbers - Kings
- Vol. 3 - Isaiah - Esther
- Vol. 4 - Psalms - Chronicles
- Haupt's Sacred Books of the Old Testament (Vol. 2, 5, 13, 16 not published)
- Vol. 1 - Genesis - Ball
- Vol. 3 - Leviticus - Driver and White
- Vol. 4 - Numbers - Paterson
- Vol. 6 - Joshua - Bennett
- Vol. 7 - Judges - Moore
- Vol. 8 - Samuel - Budde
- Vol. 9 - Kings - Stade and Schwally
- Vol. 10 - Isaiah - Cheyne
- Vol. 11 - Jeremiah - Cornill
- Vol. 12 - Ezekiel - Toy
- Vol. 14 - Psalms - Wellhausen
- Vol. 15 - Proverbs - Müller and Kautzsch
- Vol. 17 - Job - Siegfried
- Vol. 18 - Daniel - Kamphausen
- Vol. 19 - Ezra and Nehemiah - Guthe and Batten
- Vol. 20 - Chronicles - Kittel
- Mechon Mamre:
- Samaritan Pentateuch:
- Von Gall (Archive.org)
- Von Gall (Google)
Greek Old Testament
- Septuagint
- Holmes and Parsons
- Vol. 1 - Genesis - Deuteronomy
- Vol. 2 - Joshua - Chronicles
- Vol. 3 - Ezra - Ecclesiastes
- Vols. 4 (Isaiah - Malachi) and 5 (1 Esdras - 3 Maccabees)
- Swete
- Tischendorf
- Brooke-McLean
- Rahlfs-Hanhart
- Field's Hexapla
- Translations
- Lectionaries
- Ross, LXX Resources
Syriac Peshitta
Aramaic Targums
- Aramaic Targums
- Targum Texts
- Lagarde, Hagiographa Chaldaice Paulus de Lagarde edidit (1873)
- Sperber, The Bible in Aramaic
- Vol. I - Pentateuch (Onkelos)
- Vol. II - Former Prophets
- Vol. III - Latter Prophets
- Vol. IVA - Hagiographa
- Vol. IVB - The Targum and the Hebrew Bible
- White, "A critical edition of the Targum of Psalms : a computer generated text of books I and II" (1988)
Latin Old Testament
- Latin
- Sebatier's Vetus Latina
- Benedictine edition, Biblia Sacra iuxta latinam vulgatam versionem ad codicum fidem
- Vol. 1 - Genesis
- Vol. 2 - Exodus, Leviticus
- Vol. 3 - Numbers, Deuteronomy
- Vol. 4 - Joshua, Judges, Ruth
- Vol. 5 - Samuel
- Vol. 6 - Kings
- Vol. 7 - Chronicles
- Vol. 8 - Ezra, Tobit, and Judith
- Vol. 9 - Esther, Job
- Vol. 10 - Psalms
- Vol. 12 - Wisdom and Sirach
- Vol. 13 - Isaiah
- Vol. 16 - Daniel
- Marcotte de Sainte-Marie, Henri, Sancti Hieronymi Psalterium iuxta Hebraeos (1954)
- Biblia Sacra Vulgata
- liberpsalmorum.info
Miscellaneous
- Audio:
- Audio by Abraham Shmuelof
- Hebrew Bible (OT and NT) with audio recording
- Mechon-Mamre (Sephardi)
- Omer Frenkel
- Hebrew Readings
- Readings in the Samaritan dialect
- New Testament Editions
- Websites of Major Editorial Projects
- The Hebrew Bible: A Critical Edition
- Biblia Hebraica Quinta
- Hebrew University Bible Project
- The Samaritan Pentateuch: A Critical editio maior
- Text-Critical Commentaries, Monographs, and Lists of Variants
- Barthélemy, Critique textuelle de l'Ancien Testament (1982-2015).
- Volume 1: Josué, Juges, Ruth, Samuel, Rois, Chroniques, Esdras, Néhémie, Esther
- Volume 2: Isaïe, Jérémie, Lamentations
- Volume 3: Ézéchiel, Daniel et les 12 Prophètes
- Volume 4: Psaumes
- Volume 5: Job, Proverbes, Qohélet et Cantique des Cantiques
- Cappelli, Critica sacra (1650)
- Dathe, De ratione consensus versionis Chaldaicae et Syriacae Proverbiorum Salomonis (1764)
- Delitzsch, Die Lese- und Schreibfehler im Alten Testament (1920)
- Ehrlich, Randglossen zur hebräischen Bibel (1908-1914)
- Vol. 1 - Genesis - Exodus
- Vol. 2 - Leviticus - Deuteronomy
- Vol. 3 - Joshua - Samuel
- Vol. 4 - Isaiah - Jeremiah
- Vol. 5 - Ezekiel - Malachi
- Vol. 6 - Psalms, Proverbs, Job
- Vol. 7 - Writings and Kings
- Gordis, The Biblical Text in the Making: A Study of the Kethib-Qere (1937)
- de Lagarde, Anmerkungen zur griechischen Übersetzung der Proverbien (1863)
- Perles, Analekten zur Textkritik des Alten Testaments (1895)
- Perles, Analekten zur Textkritik des Alten Testaments (2nd ed.; 1922)
- Pinkuss, “Die syrische Übersetzung der Proverbien.” Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 14 (1894): 65–141, 161–222
- Stipp, Textkritische Synopse zum Jeremiabuch
- Comparative Oriental Manuscript Studies (COMSt)
Related Literature
- Aramaic Ahiqar
- Mishna
- Babylonian Talmud
What a great resource -- thank you! I've added it to my university's list of open-access Bible resources: http://libguides.du.edu/c.php?g=373436&p=2524342
ReplyDeleteGlad you found it helpful! I will look through your list as well. Thanks!
DeleteHey,
ReplyDeletethanks a lot for this really helpful list of resources!
You could also add Petrus Sabatier's "classic" edition of the Vetus Latina:
https://archive.org/details/bibliorumsacroru01saba
https://archive.org/details/bibliorumsacroru02saba
https://archive.org/details/Sabatier3
The new edition by Erzabtei Beuron is not complete yet, thus this 18th-century work is actually still extremely relevant and helpful today.
Best,
Simon
Thanks! Added. I'm glad you found it helpful.
DeleteMadrid Manuscript (M1), Universidad Complutense Madrid: http://dioscorides.ucm.es/proyecto_digitalizacion/index.php?5309439296
ReplyDeleteAdded. Thanks!
DeleteA lot of broken links to "Translatio syra pescitto Veteris Testamenti ex Codice Ambrosiano" by Ceriani, but this one works: https://archive.org/details/CerianiTranslatioSyraPescittoVeterisTestamentiExCodiceAmbrosiano_201312. This is ms 7a1 in the Leiden Peshitta Project.
ReplyDeleteThanks for the reference! Added.
ReplyDeleteWonderful resource! Thank you.
ReplyDeleteEmanuel Tov has links to most of his OTTC publications here:
ReplyDeletehttp://www.emanueltov.info/publications.html
Thanks for pointing that out Dave! I have included his website under the OTTC links section at the bottom of the page. His Scribal Practices book is particularly pertinent in this connection.
DeleteHere's another link you may want to include to Codex Amiatinus: http://mss.bmlonline.it/s.aspx?Id=AVTm-15y8phJAZQc8z_X#/book.
ReplyDeleteThanks!
DeleteThanks, thanks
ReplyDeleteVery helpful site that you have compiled with this information. Thank you!
ReplyDeleteHere, too, is a very interesting and unusual critical edition of Haupt, Paul (1858-1926). The notes themselves are after the main text.The only disadvantage is that the location of the pages is "Jewish"(first the right page,the left one).But you can get used to it
ReplyDeletehttps://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A"Haupt%2C+Paul%2C+1858-1926%2C+ed"
Complutensian Polyglot Bible Old Testament New Testament
ReplyDeletehttps://archive.org/details/ComplutensianPolyglotBibleOldTestamentNewTestament/page/n7
Hebraicorum Bibliorum Veteris Testamenti latina interpretatio
- Libro - 1571
http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000018865&page=1
Both books are available for download!!!
Added. Thanks!
DeleteYou can add a link to The book of the prophet Jeremiah and that of the Lamentations : translated from the original Hebrew; with a commentary, critical, philological, and exegetical
ReplyDeleteby Henderson, Ebenezer, 1784-1858
https://archive.org/details/bookofprophetjer00hend/page/150/mode/2up
In the same place in archive.org you can find his other comments for free download
A great collection. Thank´s!
ReplyDeleteI miss ZBAM (Zechariah Ben Anan Manuscript) written in 1098.
Or is it only by microfilm ??
See: Jewish Quarterly Review, Volume 110, Number 1, Winter 2020, pp. 194-219
(Article)
Shalom Hartmut, Germany
I'm not aware of any link. If you find one, do let me know.
ReplyDeleteThanks so much for this! It is possible you have these, and I missed them:
ReplyDeleteBerlin Genesis LXX Papyrus 911 (Facsimile): https://archive.org/details/FacsimileWashin00Sand/page/70/mode/2up
http://www.papyrology.uw.edu.pl/papyri/berlincodgr.htm
Muito bem informado, vou sempre acessar este blog, muitas informações úteis.....
ReplyDelete